Common problems here are differences in skills, frustration at failure, or group dynamic:

1. Start small and simple

Start with a short and simple problem or practice project. This way children first learn about the process without making it too big or complicated. Delineating the roadmap to 3 steps can also help, for example:

• 1. Who has a problem?
• 2. What is the problem?
• 3. What can we do to help?

2. Help children with empathic thinking

Use talking pictures, stories or photographs to help students put themselves in the shoes of others.

• Have them play “roles” or do short interviews with classmates or school staff.

3. Frustration at “not knowing” or “making mistakes”?

Repeat often that making mistakes is part of the process. Celebrate attempts, failures and improvements.

• Use posters or cards with phrases such as “I’ll try again” or “I don’t know yet, but…”

4. Bridge Differences in Working Together

Provide clarity about roles: for example, a draftsman, questioner, builder, or presenter.

• Allow children to alternate roles so everyone discovers their talents.

5. Focus on process, not perfect end product

Emphasize steps, not a beautiful result. “How did you come up with that idea?” is more important than “Did it turn out nicely?”

• Have several children tackle the same problem – then you’ll see how many ways there are to think!

6. Guide materials selection

Limit the number of materials with young learners to avoid choice stress or chaos.

• Create “prototyping kits” with simple items for each group: paper, tape, straws, cardboard, string, etc. (this is not the same as giving an example!)

7. Teach children to manage time pressure

Work with a time clock or hourglass for each step. Working short keeps them energized and organized.

• Have them write down or draw what they would do if there was no time – that too is valuable thinking!

8. Giving and Receiving Feedback Practice

Teach children to give feedback kindly and honestly. For example, use:

• “I like that…”
• “Maybe you could still…”

Use smiley cards or stickers to give feedback visually.

9. Keep it playful and flexible!

Children learn best when they feel safe to explore. Leave room for fun, imagination, crazy ideas – and show that their voices matter.