Difficulty level tailoring

The Black-and-White Tag Game can be played in multiple versions with varying difficulty levels. Based on the group composition and prior knowledge, the teacher can modify the rules to make the game easier or more challenging.

Beginners (6-7 years old): This version is recommended for 6-8-year-olds and whole classes. A central dividing strip marks the two teams’ sides of the playing field. The teacher forms the teams. The team colours are clearly displayed on each side, making the players’ positions obvious. At the start of each round, the teacher announces the chasing team’s name and raises a flag of the same colour. The start of each round is signalled simultaneously with an audible and visual cue. The game leader provides continuous positive reinforcement and allows children to share their opinions at the end of the game. Initially, only black and white colours are used; later, other colours can be introduced as a misleading element.

Advanced learners (8-9 years old): This version is recommended for 6-10-year-olds and whole classes. Visual cues can be omitted as needed; rules are explained verbally. Team leaders can be selected by drawing lots, which also determines the team names and which team starts. The teacher leads the game. In addition to the basic rules, different game modes can be tried, for example:

  • “Prisoner capture” mode, where every caught player joins the chasing team.
  • “Elimination” mode, where caught players wait outside the playing area until the next round.
  • Multi-round point-scoring game, with fixed team compositions; points are tallied by the game leader based on caught players.
  • Players can start from different positions (cross-legged sitting, lying on the stomach, kneeling, lying on the back).

After the game, the teacher invites children to share which situations made the game more exciting for them, highlighting good solutions and different play styles.

Experts (9–10 years old): This version is recommended for 8-10-year-olds, played with a whole class. The playing field is marked only by a dividing line instead of a strip, requiring faster reactions. Besides team leaders, a game leader can be appointed from among the students. All versions from previous levels can be played here as well, with additions such as players lining up back-to-back and having to suddenly turn to chase the opposing team. It is important that the game mode is chosen together with the group, allowing opportunities to try new variations.